Plant kingdom, Part – 2 Important awareness

·

 The plants are defined as autotrophic eukaryotes.

  The plant kingdom includes Multicellular photosynthetic producer.

·        Seedless Vascular plant

-         Pteridophyta

·        Primarily aquatic organism

                    -    Algae

·        Secondarily aquatic organism

-         Water lily (Nymphaea), Lotus (Nelumbo)

·        Most primitive plants

                      -    Algae

·        Algae occurs in wide range of habitats:-

             -   In fresh water of small ponds and pools

Ø Chlamydomonas, Volvox and Spirogyra

                        -    In marine

Ø Ulva,Caulerpa and Codium

     -         On damp soil forming a mat

Ø Vaucheria

      -         Growing on other plants ( Epiphytic)

Ø Coleochaete ( grow in fresh water either as epiphytes on different angiosperms (Trapa, Hydrilla, Ipomea, Sagittaria, Typha etc.) and algae (Oedogonium, Vaucheria) or as endophytes (C. nitellarum) within the cells of Chara and Nitella (Chlorophyceae).

       -         Growing on animals (Epizoic)

Ø Cladophora on snail shell

       -          Grow symbiotically 

Ø Zoochlorella with Hydra

Ø A number of algae enter into symbiotic association with fungi to form lichens 

         -         Parasite on tea leaves; cause disease , red rust ( red colour of algae due to presence of a pigment, haematochrome

Ø Cephaleuros virescens - red rust of tea ( Thea sinesis)